The Rise of HMPV in India: What Parents Must Know to Protect Their Children

By Dr. Michelle Shah, Lifestyle Medicine Paediatrician

As India battles a surge of respiratory infections among children, another virus has quietly emerged, adding to parents’ concerns – Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV). Several state governments have heightened their surveillance amid rising cases of respiratory illnesses, especially those due to Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV). So, what is HMPV, why is it a growing concern, and how can parents safeguard their children? Here’s what you need to know.

Understanding HMPV: The Silent Respiratory Virus

First identified in 2001, HMPV is a respiratory virus that primarily affects children, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. It is a seasonal disease that occurs primarily during winter.

HMPV spreads much like the flu, through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. The virus causes a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from mild cold-like issues to severe respiratory distress in younger children.

Parents can mistake HMPV for a regular cold, but it can escalate quickly, especially in younger kids with underdeveloped immune systems.

• Persistent cough
• Fever
• Nasal congestion
• Breathing difficulties or wheezing

Why the Sudden Surge?

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted many children’s exposure to common viruses, leading to what experts call an “immunity gap.” With schools and public spaces reopening, children are now encountering viruses like HMPV more frequently, leading to a noticeable spike in cases.

Moreover, changing weather patterns and rising pollution levels have further exacerbated respiratory illnesses, creating a perfect storm for viruses to thrive.

What Should Parents Do?

Parents play a crucial role in mitigating the spread and impact of HMPV. Here are key steps to consider:

Hygiene Practices:

Encourage frequent handwashing for at least 20 seconds, proper mask-wearing in crowded spaces, and avoiding sharing utensils, especially if someone in the household is unwell.

Strengthening Immunity:

A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains, adequate sleep and regular physical activity are essential to fortify your child’s immune system.

Avoid Close Contact:

Limit your child’s interaction with others, especially if they are unwell. Keep them home from school or daycare until symptoms subside.

Limit Crowded Spaces:

If cases of respiratory infections are on the rise, avoid taking children to crowded places like malls or events.

Vaccination Awareness:

While no vaccine specifically targets HMPV, keeping your child’s routine vaccinations up to date can prevent complications from secondary infections.

Prevention Is Better Than Cure

Children’s health is shaped not only by the care they receive but also by the awareness and vigilance of their caregivers. Parents should stay informed about emerging health risks, and focus on creating a clean and safe environment at home.

As India grapples with this new health challenge, the key lies in staying proactive. The rise of HMPV is a wake-up call, reminding us of the importance of preventive healthcare and the need to bridge gaps in awareness.

By taking timely action and adopting simple yet effective measures, parents can navigate this season of respiratory illnesses with confidence, ensuring their children not only survive but thrive.

Dr. Michelle Shah, India’s first Lifestyle Medicine Paediatrician, is a Harvard University alumna and a two-time TEDx speaker. She specializes in paediatric lifestyle medicine, with a focus on preventive care and empowering families to build healthier lifestyles. Through her pioneering work, Dr. Shah bridges the gap between clinical expertise and practical parenting solutions.

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